Add fdt_add_reserved_memory() helper function ...

If a firmware component like TF-A reserves special memory regions for
its own or secure payload services, it should announce the location and
size of those regions to the non-secure world. This will avoid
disappointment when some rich OS tries to acccess this memory, which
will likely end in a crash.

The traditional way of advertising reserved memory using device tree is
using the special memreserve feature of the device tree blob (DTB).
However by definition those regions mentioned there do not prevent the
rich OS to map this memory, which may lead to speculative accesses to
this memory and hence spurious bus errors.

A safer way of carving out memory is to use the /reserved-memory node as
part of the normal DT structure. Besides being easier to setup, this
also defines an explicit "no-map" property to signify the secure-only
nature of certain memory regions, which avoids the rich OS to
accidentally step on it.

Add a helper function to allow platform ports to easily add a region.

Change-Id: I2b92676cf48fd3bdacda05b5c6b1c7952ebed68c
Signed-off-by: Andre Przywara <andre.przywara@arm.com>

qemu: Move and generalise FDT PSCI fixup ...

The QEMU platform port scans its device tree to advertise PSCI as the
CPU enable method. It does this by scanning *every* node in the DT and
check whether its compatible string starts with "arm,cortex-a". Then it
sets the enable-method to PSCI, if it doesn't already have one.

Other platforms might want to use this functionality as well, so let's
move it out of the QEMU platform directory and make it more robust by
fixing some shortcomings:
- A compatible string starting with a certain prefix is not a good way
to find the CPU nodes. For instance a "arm,cortex-a72-pmu" node will
match as well and is in turn favoured with an enable-method.
- If the DT already has an enable-method, we won't change this to PSCI.

Those two issues will for instance fail on the Raspberry Pi 4 DT.
To fix those problems, we adjust the scanning method:
The DT spec says that all CPU nodes are subnodes of the mandatory
/cpus node, which is a subnode of the root node. Also each CPU node has
to have a device_type = "cpu" property. So we find the /cpus node, then
scan for a subnode with the proper device_type, forcing the
enable-method to "psci".
We have to restart this search after a property has been patched, as the
node offsets might have changed meanwhile.

This allows this routine to be reused for the Raspberry Pi 4 later.

Change-Id: I00cae16cc923d9f8bb96a9b2a2933b9a79b06139
Signed-off-by: Andre Przywara <andre.przywara@arm.com>

Switch AARCH32/AARCH64 to __aarch64__ ...

NOTE: AARCH32/AARCH64 macros are now deprecated in favor of __aarch64__.

All common C compilers pre-define the same macros to signal which
architecture the code is being compiled for: __arm__ for AArch32 (or
earlier versions) and __aarch64__ for AArch64. There's no need for TF-A
to define its own custom macros for this. In order to unify code with
the export headers (which use __aarch64__ to avoid another dependency),
let's deprecate the AARCH32 and AARCH64 macros and switch the code base
over to the pre-defined standard macro. (Since it is somewhat
unintuitive that __arm__ only means AArch32, let's standardize on only
using __aarch64__.)

Change-Id: Ic77de4b052297d77f38fc95f95f65a8ee70cf200
Signed-off-by: Julius Werner <jwerner@chromium.org>

Replace __ASSEMBLY__ with compiler-builtin __ASSEMBLER__ ...

NOTE: __ASSEMBLY__ macro is now deprecated in favor of __ASSEMBLER__.

All common C compilers predefine a macro called __ASSEMBLER__ when
preprocessing a .S file. There is no reason for TF-A to define it's own
__ASSEMBLY__ macro for this purpose instead. To unify code with the
export headers (which use __ASSEMBLER__ to avoid one extra dependency),
let's deprecate __ASSEMBLY__ and switch the code base over to the
predefined standard.

Change-Id: Id7d0ec8cf330195da80499c68562b65cb5ab7417
Signed-off-by: Julius Werner <jwerner@chromium.org>

Add helper to parse BL31 parameters (both versions) ...

BL31 used to take a single bl31_params_t parameter structure with entry
point information in arg0. In commit 726002263 (Add new version of image
loading.) this API was changed to a more flexible linked list approach,
and the old parameter structure was copied into all platforms that still
used the old format. This duplicated code unnecessarily among all these
platforms.

This patch adds a helper function that platforms can optionally link to
outsource the task of interpreting arg0. Many platforms are just
interested in the BL32 and BL33 entry point information anyway. Since
some platforms still need to support the old version 1 parameters, the
helper will support both formats when ERROR_DEPRECATED == 0. This allows
those platforms to drop a bunch of boilerplate code and asynchronously
update their BL2 implementation to the newer format.

Change-Id: I9e6475adb1a7d4bccea666118bd1c54962e9fc38
Signed-off-by: Julius Werner <jwerner@chromium.org>

Factor out cross-BL API into export headers suitable for 3rd party code ...

This patch adds a new include/export/ directory meant for inclusion in
third-party code. This is useful for cases where third-party code needs
to interact with TF-A interfaces and data structures (such as a custom
BL2-implementation like coreboot handing off to BL31). Directly
including headers from the TF-A repository avoids having to duplicate
all these definitions (and risk them going stale), but with the current
header structure this is not possible because handoff API definitions
are too deeply intertwined with other TF code/headers and chain-include
other headers that will not be available in the other environment.

The new approach aims to solve this by separating only the parts that
are really needed into these special headers that are self-contained and
will not chain-include other (non-export) headers. TF-A code should
never include them directly but should instead always include the
respective wrapper header, which will include the required prerequisites
(like <stdint.h>) before including the export header. Third-party code
can include the export headers via its own wrappers that make sure the
necessary definitions are available in whatever way that environment can
provide them.

Change-Id: Ifd769320ba51371439a8e5dd5b79c2516c3b43ab
Signed-off-by: Julius Werner <jwerner@chromium.org>

Use explicit-width data types in AAPCS parameter structs ...

It's not a good idea to use u_register_t for the members of
aapcs64_params_t and aapcs32_params_t, since the width of that type
always depends on the current execution environment. This would cause
problems if e.g. we used this structure to set up the entry point of an
AArch32 program from within an AArch64 program. (It doesn't seem like
any code is doing that today, but it's probably still a good idea to
write this defensively. Also, it helps with my next patch.)

Change-Id: I12c04a85611f2b6702589f3362bea3e6a7c9f776
Signed-off-by: Julius Werner <jwerner@chromium.org>

Add support for Branch Target Identification ...

This patch adds the functionality needed for platforms to provide
Branch Target Identification (BTI) extension, introduced to AArch64
in Armv8.5-A by adding BTI instruction used to mark valid targets
for indirect branches. The patch sets new GP bit [50] to the stage 1
Translation Table Block and Page entries to denote guarded EL3 code
pages which will cause processor to trap instructions in protected
pages trying to perform an indirect branch to any instruction other
than BTI.
BTI feature is selected by BRANCH_PROTECTION option which supersedes
the previous ENABLE_PAUTH used for Armv8.3-A Pointer Authentication
and is disabled by default. Enabling BTI requires compiler support
and was tested with GCC versions 9.0.0, 9.0.1 and 10.0.0.
The assembly macros and helpers are modified to accommodate the BTI
instruction.
This is an experimental feature.
Note. The previous ENABLE_PAUTH build option to enable PAuth in EL3
is now made as an internal flag and BRANCH_PROTECTION flag should be
used instead to enable Pointer Authentication.
Note. USE_LIBROM=1 option is currently not supported.

Change-Id: Ifaf4438609b16647dc79468b70cd1f47a623362e
Signed-off-by: Alexei Fedorov <Alexei.Fedorov@arm.com>

Merge pull request #1751 from vwadekar/tegra-scatter-file-support ...

Tegra scatter file support

Tegra: Support for scatterfile for the BL31 image ...

This patch provides support for using the scatterfile format as
the linker script with the 'armlink' linker for Tegra platforms.

In order to enable the scatterfile usage the following changes
have been made:

* provide mapping for ld.S symbols in bl_common.h
* include bl_common.h from all the affected files
* update the makefile rules to use the scatterfile and armlink
  to compile BL31
* update pubsub.h to add sections to the scatterfile

NOTE: THIS CHANGE HAS BEEN VERIFIED WITH TEGRA PLATFORMS ONLY.

Change-Id: I7bb78b991c97d74a842e5635c74cb0b18e0fce67
Signed-off-by: Varun Wadekar <vwadekar@nvidia.com>

Add support for pointer authentication ...

The previous commit added the infrastructure to load and save
ARMv8.3-PAuth registers during Non-secure <-> Secure world switches, but
didn't actually enable pointer authentication in the firmware.

This patch adds the functionality needed for platforms to provide
authentication keys for the firmware, and a new option (ENABLE_PAUTH) to
enable pointer authentication in the firmware itself. This option is
disabled by default, and it requires CTX_INCLUDE_PAUTH_REGS to be
enabled.

Change-Id: I35127ec271e1198d43209044de39fa712ef202a5
Signed-off-by: Antonio Nino Diaz <antonio.ninodiaz@arm.com>

Merge pull request #1804 from antonio-nino-diaz-arm/an/cleanup ...

Minor cleanup

Remove duplicated definitions of linker symbols ...

Many parts of the code were duplicating symbols that are defined in
include/common/bl_common.h. It is better to only use the definitions in
this header.

As all the symbols refer to virtual addresses, they have to be
uintptr_t, not unsigned long. This has also been fixed in bl_common.h.

Change-Id: I204081af78326ced03fb05f69846f229d324c711
Signed-off-by: Antonio Nino Diaz <antonio.ninodiaz@arm.com>

Remove dead code related to LOAD_IMAGE_V2=0 ...

Commit ed51b51f7a9163a ("Remove build option LOAD_IMAGE_V2") intended
to remove all code related to LOAD_IMAGE_V2=0 but missed a few things.

Change-Id: I16aaf52779dd4af1e134e682731328c5f1e5d622
Signed-off-by: Sandrine Bailleux <sandrine.bailleux@arm.com>

Remove support for the SMC Calling Convention 2.0 ...

This reverts commit 2f370465241c ("Add support for the SMC Calling
Convention 2.0").

SMCCC v2.0 is no longer required for SPM, and won't be needed in the
future. Removing it makes the SMC handling code less complicated.

The SPM implementation based on SPCI and SPRT was using it, but it has
been adapted to SMCCC v1.0.

Change-Id: I36795b91857b2b9c00437cfbfed04b3c1627f578
Signed-off-by: Antonio Nino Diaz <antonio.ninodiaz@arm.com>

plat/arm: Save BL2 descriptors to reserved memory. ...

On ARM platforms, the BL2 memory can be overlaid by BL31/BL32. The memory
descriptors describing the list of executable images are created in BL2
R/W memory, which could be possibly corrupted later on by BL31/BL32 due
to overlay. This patch creates a reserved location in SRAM for these
descriptors and are copied over by BL2 before handing over to next BL
image.

Also this patch increases the PLAT_ARM_MAX_BL2_SIZE for juno when TBBR
is enabled.

Fixes ARM-Software/tf-issues#626

Change-Id: I755735706fa702024b4032f51ed4895b3687377f
Signed-off-by: Sathees Balya <sathees.balya@arm.com>

Move BL1 and BL2 private defines to bl_common.h ...

The definitions in bl1/bl1_private.h and bl2/bl2_private.h are useful for
platforms that may need to access them.

Change-Id: Ifd1880f855ddafcb3bfcaf1ed4a4e0f121eda174
Signed-off-by: Antonio Nino Diaz <antonio.ninodiaz@arm.com>

Sanitise includes across codebase ...

Enforce full include path for includes. Deprecate old paths.

The following folders inside include/lib have been left unchanged:

- include/lib/cpus/${ARCH}
- include/lib/el3_runtime/${ARCH}

The reason for this change is that having a global namespace for
includes isn't a good idea. It defeats one of the advantages of having
folders and it introduces problems that are sometimes subtle (because
you may not know the header you are actually including if there are two
of them).

For example, this patch had to be created because two headers were
called the same way: e0ea0928d5b7 ("Fix gpio includes of mt8173 platform
to avoid collision."). More recently, this patch has had similar
problems: 46f9b2c3a282 ("drivers: add tzc380 support").

This problem was introduced in commit 4ecca33988b9 ("Move include and
source files to logical locations"). At that time, there weren't too
many headers so it wasn't a real issue. However, time has shown that
this creates problems.

Platforms that want to preserve the way they include headers may add the
removed paths to PLAT_INCLUDES, but this is discouraged.

Change-Id: I39dc53ed98f9e297a5966e723d1936d6ccf2fc8f
Signed-off-by: Antonio Nino Diaz <antonio.ninodiaz@arm.com>

Reorganize architecture-dependent header files ...

The architecture dependant header files in include/lib/${ARCH} and
include/common/${ARCH} have been moved to /include/arch/${ARCH}.

Change-Id: I96f30fdb80b191a51448ddf11b1d4a0624c03394
Signed-off-by: Antonio Nino Diaz <antonio.ninodiaz@arm.com>

Enable DIT if supported ...

This patch enables the Data Independent Timing
functionality (DIT) in EL3 if supported
by the platform.

Change-Id: Ia527d6aa2ee88a9a9fe1c941220404b9ff5567e5
Signed-off-by: Sathees Balya <sathees.balya@arm.com>

AArch64: Use SSBS for CVE_2018_3639 mitigation ...

The Armv8.5 extensions introduces PSTATE.SSBS (Speculation Store Bypass
Safe) bit to mitigate against Variant 4 vulnerabilities. Although an
Armv8.5 feature, this can be implemented by CPUs implementing earlier
version of the architecture.

With this patch, when both PSTATE.SSBS is implemented and
DYNAMIC_WORKAROUND_CVE_2018_3639 is active, querying for
SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_2 via. SMCCC_ARCH_FEATURES call would return 1 to
indicate that mitigation on the PE is either permanently enabled or not
required.

When SSBS is implemented, SCTLR_EL3.DSSBS is initialized to 0 at reset
of every BL stage. This means that EL3 always executes with mitigation
applied.

For Cortex A76, if the PE implements SSBS, the existing mitigation (by
using a different vector table, and tweaking CPU ACTLR2) is not used.

Change-Id: Ib0386c5714184144d4747951751c2fc6ba4242b6
Signed-off-by: Jeenu Viswambharan <jeenu.viswambharan@arm.com>

Standardise header guards across codebase ...

All identifiers, regardless of use, that start with two underscores are
reserved. This means they can't be used in header guards.

The style that this project is now to use the full name of the file in
capital letters followed by 'H'. For example, for a file called
"uart_example.h", the header guard is UART_EXAMPLE_H.

The exceptions are files that are imported from other projects:

- CryptoCell driver
- dt-bindings folders
- zlib headers

Change-Id: I50561bf6c88b491ec440d0c8385c74650f3c106e
Signed-off-by: Antonio Nino Diaz <antonio.ninodiaz@arm.com>

Introduce fdtw_read_array() helper ...

fdtw_read_cells() can only read one or two cells, sometimes it may be
needed to read more cells from one property.

Change-Id: Ie70dc76d1540cd6a04787cde7cccb4d1bafc7282
Signed-off-by: Antonio Nino Diaz <antonio.ninodiaz@arm.com>

Introduce new fdt helper to read string properties ...

Introduced fdtw_read_string() to read string properties.

Change-Id: I854eef0390632cf2eaddd2dce60cdb98c117de43
Signed-off-by: Antonio Nino Diaz <antonio.ninodiaz@arm.com>

context_mgmt: Fix MISRA defects ...

The macro EL_IMPLEMENTED() has been deprecated in favour of the new
function el_implemented().

Change-Id: Ic9b1b81480b5e019b50a050e8c1a199991bf0ca9
Signed-off-by: Antonio Nino Diaz <antonio.ninodiaz@arm.com>

PIE: Position Independant Executable support for BL31 ...

This patch introduces Position Independant Executable(PIE) support
in TF-A. As a initial prototype, only BL31 can support PIE. A trivial
dynamic linker is implemented which supports fixing up Global Offset
Table(GOT) and Dynamic relocations(.rela.dyn). The fixup_gdt_reloc()
helper function implements this linker and this needs to be called
early in the boot sequence prior to invoking C functions. The GOT is
placed in the RO section of BL31 binary for improved security and the
BL31 linker script is modified to export the appropriate symbols
required for the dynamic linker.

The C compiler always generates PC relative addresses to linker symbols
and hence referencing symbols exporting constants are a problem when
relocating the binary. Hence the reference to the
`__PERCPU_TIMESTAMP_SIZE__` symbol in PMF is removed and is now calculated
at runtime based on start and end addresses.

Change-Id: I1228583ff92cf432963b7cef052e95d995cca93d
Signed-off-by: Soby Mathew <soby.mathew@arm.com>

PIE: Use PC relative adrp/adr for symbol reference ...

This patch fixes up the AArch64 assembly code to use
adrp/adr instructions instead of ldr instruction for
reference to symbols. This allows these assembly
sequences to be Position Independant. Note that the
the reference to sizes have been replaced with
calculation of size at runtime. This is because size
is a constant value and does not depend on execution
address and using PC relative instructions for loading
them makes them relative to execution address. Also
we cannot use `ldr` instruction to load size as it
generates a dynamic relocation entry which must *not*
be fixed up and it is difficult for a dynamic loader
to differentiate which entries need to be skipped.

Change-Id: I8bf4ed5c58a9703629e5498a27624500ef40a836
Signed-off-by: Soby Mathew <soby.mathew@arm.com>

Convert arm_setup_page_tables into a generic helper ...

This function is not related to Arm platforms and can be reused by other
platforms if needed.

Change-Id: Ia9c328ce57ce7e917b825a9e09a42b0abb1a53e8
Co-authored-by: Antonio Nino Diaz <antonio.ninodiaz@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Antonio Nino Diaz <antonio.ninodiaz@arm.com>

Merge pull request #1640 from soby-mathew/sm/fin_con_reg ...

Multi-console: Deprecate the `finish_console_register` macro

Merge pull request #1641 from jeenu-arm/ptrauth ...

AArch64: Enable lower ELs to use pointer authentication