mbed-ce@master + fixes + gcc 11 support (#135) ...

* Fix rtos::Mutex stub, add trylock() method

* LowPowerTicker - Add ::attach(...) method + call callback

* mbed_power_management - rename sleep --> mbed_sleep to avoid conflicts

Fixes conflicts w/ unistd.h and boost::ut

* GCC 11/C++ 20 - Remove deprecated type_traits

* GCC 11/C++ 20 - Remove redundant templating of methods

* Warning - pragma ignore invalid-noreturn for unit tests

* Fix astyle errors

* Fix missing mbed_sleep() calls

Fix some build errors

Unit tests: Remove redundant CMake target mbed-headers-base ...

Individual libraries' `target_h` stub headers have now all been moved
from `mbed-headers-base` to `mbed-headers-<library>`.

Note: Even though headers previously in `target_h` are technically
stubs/fakes too, they are used by not only unit tests but also regular
libraries when compiled for unit tests, because no target-specific HAL
implementation exists in this case. In order for regular library
sources to pick up `target_h` headers, those headers must

* have the same names as regular headers
* appear first in include paths

This is why those headers are part of `mbed-headers-<library>` and not
`mbed-stubs-<library>`. Before this refactoring, `mbed-headers-base`
was the first in unit tests' include paths.

Unit tests: Fix style in rtos Thread.h stubs

Unit tests: Move rtos target_h stubs

CMake: Remove mbed-stubs-rtos-headers library ...

- Previous changes moved all rtos stubs headers into mbed-stubs-rtos-headers
lib, but the decision to keep all stubs headers under the respective
component stubs library so moved all stubs rtos headers under
mbed-stubs-rtos and updated it depend component CMake
- Remove unnecessary add_definition call for UNITTEST as any of the stubs library
added from UNITTEST/CMakeLists.txt is not required this macro

rtos: Remove UNITTEST macro from rtos ...

Production code should not contain any test-specific checks. Rather
than checking `UNITTEST`, unit tests can directly set
`MBED_CONF_RTOS_PRESENT=1` to make RTOS available for testing.

Note: The cellular ATHandler test also has `MBED_CONF_RTOS_PRESENT=1`
added because `ATHandler.cpp` contains a check of this variable.

CMake: unit-tests: Move mbed-headers-rtos to the rtos directory ...

Move the header-only mbed-headers-rtos library the unit test stubs
depend on into the rtos component directory. This makes the rtos
stubs more self-contained and improves the composition of the library.

CMake: Move rtos stub headers to the rtos/tests/UNITTESTS/double directory ...

Move rtos stubs headers to the mbed-os/rtos/tests/UNITTESTS/double
directory and update CMake to create a mbed-stubs-rtos-headers
library for rtos stub headers

CMake: Move rtos stubs sources to the mbed-os/rtos directory ...

Move the rtos stub library into the rtos component directory.
so we can avoid duplicating the mbed-os source tree in a central
UNITTESTS folder.