Individual libraries' `target_h` stub headers have now all been moved
from `mbed-headers-base` to `mbed-headers-<library>`.

Note: Even though headers previously in `target_h` are technically
stubs/fakes too, they are used by not only unit tests but also regular
libraries when compiled for unit tests, because no target-specific HAL
implementation exists in this case. In order for regular library
sources to pick up `target_h` headers, those headers must

* have the same names as regular headers
* appear first in include paths

This is why those headers are part of `mbed-headers-<library>` and not
`mbed-stubs-<library>`. Before this refactoring, `mbed-headers-base`
was the first in unit tests' include paths.

Previously a test executable was recognised as a single test by CTest.
However, test executables usually contain multiple test cases, the
results of the test cases should be individually reported. With our
previous setup we could miss test case failures that didn't cause the
executable to return an error code.

This commit uses gtest_discover_test to discover all test cases in a
test executable. This enables CTest to match test passes and failures
from the googletest binary output.

The CMake target `mbed-headers` brings in all headers, and we are
gradually moving away from it and explicitly use only headers needed
by each unit test.

Create a CMake target mbed-headers-blockdevice to separate BlockDevice
headers from the generic mbed-headers-storage. Update tests to use it.

Move storage stubs from UNITTESTS/stubs into components inside the
top-level storage directory. Specifically,
* storage/blockdevice/tests/UNITTESTS/doubles/ for BlockDevice stubs.
* storage/kvstore/filesystemstore/tests/UNITTESTS/ for a stub used by
the FileSystemStore test. The stub has been renamed from
kv_config_stub.cpp to filesystemstore_kv_config_stub.cpp, to make it
evident why it doesn't go into storage/kvstore/kv_config/.

- Add CMake configuration file
- Fix the header inclusion in blockdevice unittests