Add support for ARM Cortex-A73 MPCore Processor ...

This patch adds ARM Cortex-A73 MPCore Processor support
in the CPU specific operations framework. It also includes
this support for the Base FVP port.

Change-Id: I0e26b594f2ec1d28eb815db9810c682e3885716d

Fix computation of L1 bitmask in the translation table lib ...

This patch fixes the computation of the bitmask used to isolate
the level 1 field of a virtual address. The whole computation needs
to work on 64-bit values to produce the correct bitmask value.
XLAT_TABLE_ENTRIES_MASK being a C constant, it is a 32-bit value
so it needs to be extended to a 64-bit value before it takes part
in any other computation.

This patch fixes this bug by casting XLAT_TABLE_ENTRIES_MASK as
an unsigned long long.

Note that this bug doesn't manifest itself in practice because
address spaces larger than 39 bits are not yet supported in the
Trusted Firmware.

Change-Id: I955fd263ecb691ca94b29b9c9f576008ce1d87ee

Merge pull request #601 from sandrine-bailleux-arm/sb/a57-errata-workarounds ...

Cortex-A57 errata workarounds

Add support for Cortex-A57 erratum 833471 workaround ...

Change-Id: I86ac81ffd7cd094ce68c4cceb01c16563671a063

Add support for Cortex-A57 erratum 826977 workaround ...

Change-Id: Icaacd19c4cef9c10d02adcc2f84a4d7c97d4bcfa

Add support for Cortex-A57 erratum 829520 workaround ...

Change-Id: Ia2ce8aa752efb090cfc734c1895c8f2539e82439

Add support for Cortex-A57 erratum 828024 workaround ...

Change-Id: I632a8c5bb517ff89c69268e865be33101059be7d

Add support for Cortex-A57 erratum 826974 workaround ...

Change-Id: I45641551474f4c58c638aff8c42c0ab9a8ec78b4

Fix wording in cpu-ops.mk comments ...

The CPU errata build flags don't enable errata, they enable errata
workarounds.

Change-Id: Ica65689d1205fc54eee9081a73442144b973400f

Limit support for region overlaps in xlat_tables ...

The only case in which regions can now overlap is if they are
identity mapped or they have the same virtual to physical address
offset (identity mapping is just a particular case of the latter).
They must overlap completely (i.e. one of them must be completely
inside the other one) and not cover the same area.

This allow future enhancements to the xlat_tables library without
having to support unnecessarily complex edge cases.

Outer regions are now sorted by mmap_add_region() before inner
regions with the same base virtual address for consistency: all
regions contained inside another one must be placed after the outer
one in the list.

If an inner region has the same attributes as the outer ones it will
be merged when creating the tables with init_xlation_table(). This
cannot be done as regions are added because there may be cases where
adding a region makes previously mergeable regions no longer
mergeable.

If the attributes of an inner region are different than the outer
region, new pages will be generated regardless of how "restrictive"
they are. For example, RO memory is more restrictive than RW. The
old implementation would give priority to RO if there is an overlap,
the new one doesn't.

NOTE: THIS IS THEORETICALLY A COMPATABILITY BREAK FOR PLATFORMS THAT
USE THE XLAT_TABLES LIBRARY IN AN UNEXPECTED WAY. PLEASE RAISE A
TF-ISSUE IF YOUR PLATFORM IS AFFECTED.

Change-Id: I75fba5cf6db627c2ead70da3feb3cc648c4fe2af

Refactor the xlat_tables library code ...

The AArch32 long descriptor format and the AArch64 descriptor format
correspond to each other which allows possible sharing of xlat_tables
library code between AArch64 and AArch32. This patch refactors the
xlat_tables library code to seperate the common functionality from
architecture specific code. Prior to this patch, all of the xlat_tables
library code were in `lib/aarch64/xlat_tables.c` file. The refactored code
is now in `lib/xlat_tables/` directory. The AArch64 specific programming
for xlat_tables is in `lib/xlat_tables/aarch64/xlat_tables.c` and the rest
of the code common to AArch64 and AArch32 is in
`lib/xlat_tables/xlat_tables_common.c`. Also the data types used in
xlat_tables library APIs are reworked to make it compatible between AArch64
and AArch32.

The `lib/aarch64/xlat_tables.c` file now includes the new xlat_tables
library files to retain compatibility for existing platform ports.
The macros related to xlat_tables library are also moved from
`include/lib/aarch64/arch.h` to the header `include/lib/xlat_tables.h`.

NOTE: THE `lib/aarch64/xlat_tables.c` FILE IS DEPRECATED AND PLATFORM PORTS
ARE EXPECTED TO INCLUDE THE NEW XLAT_TABLES LIBRARY FILES IN THEIR MAKEFILES.

Change-Id: I3d17217d24aaf3a05a4685d642a31d4d56255a0f

Remove xlat_helpers.c ...

lib/aarch64/xlat_helpers.c defines helper functions to build
translation descriptors, but no common code or upstream platform
port uses them. As the rest of the xlat_tables code evolves, there
may be conflicts with these helpers, therefore this code should be
removed.

Change-Id: I9f5be99720f929264818af33db8dada785368711

Make cpu operations warning a VERBOSE print ...

The assembler helper function `print_revision_warning` is used when a
CPU specific operation is enabled in the debug build (e.g. an errata
workaround) but doesn't apply to the executing CPU's revision/part number.
However, in some cases the system integrator may want a single binary to
support multiple platforms with different IP versions, only some of which
contain a specific erratum.  In this case, the warning can be emitted very
frequently when CPUs are being powered on/off.

This patch modifies this warning print behaviour so that it is emitted only
when LOG_LEVEL >= LOG_LEVEL_VERBOSE. The `debug.h` header file now contains
guard macros so that it can be included in assembly code.

Change-Id: Ic6e7a07f128dcdb8498a5bfdae920a8feeea1345

Merge pull request #542 from sandrine-bailleux-arm/km/pt-zero ...

Initialize all translation table entries

Merge pull request #538 from sandrine-bailleux-arm/sb/extend-memory-types ...

Extend memory attributes to map non-cacheable memory

Initialize all translation table entries ...

The current translation table code maps in a series of regions, zeroing
the unmapped table entries before and in between the mapped regions. It
doesn't, however, zero the unmapped entries after the last mapped
region, leaving those entries at whatever value that memory has
initially.

This is bad because those values can look like valid translation table
entries, pointing to valid physical addresses. The CPU is allowed to do
speculative reads from any such addresses. If the addresses point to
device memory, the results can be unpredictable.

This patch zeroes the translation table entries following the last
mapped region, ensuring all table entries are either valid or zero
(invalid).

In addition, it limits the value of ADDR_SPACE_SIZE to those allowed by
the architecture and supported by the current code (see D4.2.5 in the
Architecture Reference Manual). This simplifies this patch a lot and
ensures existing code doesn't do unexpected things.

Change-Id: Ic28b6c3f89d73ef58fa80319a9466bb2c7131c21

Extend memory attributes to map non-cacheable memory ...

At the moment, the memory translation library allows to create memory
mappings of 2 types:

 - Device nGnRE memory (named MT_DEVICE in the library);

 - Normal, Inner Write-back non-transient, Outer Write-back
   non-transient memory (named MT_MEMORY in the library).

As a consequence, the library code treats the memory type field as a
boolean: everything that is not device memory is normal memory and
vice-versa.

In reality, the ARMv8 architecture allows up to 8 types of memory to
be used at a single time for a given exception level. This patch
reworks the memory attributes such that the memory type is now defined
as an integer ranging from 0 to 7 instead of a boolean. This makes it
possible to extend the list of memory types supported by the memory
translation library.

The priority system dictating memory attributes for overlapping
memory regions has been extended to cope with these changes but the
algorithm at its core has been preserved. When a memory region is
re-mapped with different memory attributes, the memory translation
library examines the former attributes and updates them only if
the new attributes create a more restrictive mapping. This behaviour
is unchanged, only the manipulation of the value has been modified
to cope with the new format.

This patch also introduces a new type of memory mapping in the memory
translation library: MT_NON_CACHEABLE, meaning Normal, Inner
Non-cacheable, Outer Non-cacheable memory. This can be useful to map
a non-cacheable memory region, such as a DMA buffer for example.

The rules around the Execute-Never (XN) bit in a translation table
for an MT_NON_CACHEABLE memory mapping have been aligned on the rules
used for MT_MEMORY mappings:
 - If the memory is read-only then it is also executable (XN = 0);
 - If the memory is read-write then it is not executable (XN = 1).

The shareability field for MT_NON_CACHEABLE mappings is always set as
'Outer-Shareable'. Note that this is not strictly needed since
shareability is only relevant if the memory is a Normal Cacheable
memory type, but this is to align with the existing device memory
mappings setup. All Device and Normal Non-cacheable memory regions
are always treated as Outer Shareable, regardless of the translation
table shareability attributes.

This patch also removes the 'ATTR_SO' and 'ATTR_SO_INDEX' #defines.
They were introduced to map memory as Device nGnRnE (formerly called
"Strongly-Ordered" memory in the ARMv7 architecture) but were not
used anywhere in the code base. Removing them avoids any confusion
about the memory types supported by the library.

Upstream platforms do not currently use the MT_NON_CACHEABLE memory
type.

NOTE: THIS CHANGE IS SOURCE COMPATIBLE BUT PLATFORMS THAT RELY ON THE
BINARY VALUES OF `mmap_attr_t` or the `attr` argument of
`mmap_add_region()` MAY BE BROKEN.

Change-Id: I717d6ed79b4c845a04e34132432f98b93d661d79

Compile stdlib C files individually ...

All C files of stdlib were included into std.c, which was the file
that the Makefile actually compiled. This is a poor way of compiling
all the files and, while it may work fine most times, it's
discouraged.

In this particular case, each C file included its own headers, which
were later included into std.c. For example, this caused problems
because a duplicated typedef of u_short in both subr_prf.c and
types.h. While that may require an issue on its own, this kind of
problems are avoided if all C files are as independent as possible.

Change-Id: I9a7833fd2933003f19a5d7db921ed8542ea2d04a

Cortex-Axx: Unconditionally apply CPU reset operations ...

In the Cortex-A35/A53/A57 CPUs library code, some of the CPU specific
reset operations are skipped if they have already been applied in a
previous invocation of the reset handler. This precaution is not
required, as all these operations can be reapplied safely.

This patch removes the unneeded test-before-set instructions in
the reset handler for these CPUs.

Change-Id: Ib175952c814dc51f1b5125f76ed6c06a22b95167

Disable non-temporal hint on Cortex-A53/57 ...

The LDNP/STNP instructions as implemented on Cortex-A53 and
Cortex-A57 do not behave in a way most programmers expect, and will
most probably result in a significant speed degradation to any code
that employs them. The ARMv8-A architecture (see Document ARM DDI
0487A.h, section D3.4.3) allows cores to ignore the non-temporal hint
and treat LDNP/STNP as LDP/STP instead.

This patch introduces 2 new build flags:
A53_DISABLE_NON_TEMPORAL_HINT and A57_DISABLE_NON_TEMPORAL_HINT
to enforce this behaviour on Cortex-A53 and Cortex-A57. They are
enabled by default.

The string printed in debug builds when a specific CPU errata
workaround is compiled in but skipped at runtime has been
generalised, so that it can be reused for the non-temporal hint use
case as well.

Change-Id: I3e354f4797fd5d3959872a678e160322b13867a1

Use tf_printf() for debug logs from xlat_tables.c ...

The debug prints used to debug translation table setup in xlat_tables.c
used the `printf()` standard library function instead of the stack
optimized `tf_printf()` API. DEBUG_XLAT_TABLE option was used to enable
debug logs within xlat_tables.c and it configured a much larger stack
size for the platform in case it was enabled. This patch modifies these
debug prints within xlat_tables.c to use tf_printf() and modifies the format
specifiers to be compatible with tf_printf(). The debug prints are now enabled
if the VERBOSE prints are enabled in Trusted Firmware via LOG_LEVEL build
option.

The much larger stack size definition when DEBUG_XLAT_TABLE is defined
is no longer required and the platform ports are modified to remove this
stack size definition.

Change-Id: I2f7d77ea12a04b827fa15e2adc3125b1175e4c23

Remove direct usage of __attribute__((foo)) ...

Migrate all direct usage of __attribute__ to usage of their
corresponding macros from cdefs.h.
e.g.:
 - __attribute__((unused)) -> __unused

Signed-off-by: Soren Brinkmann <soren.brinkmann@xilinx.com>

Add support for ARM Cortex-A35 processor ...

This patch adds support for ARM Cortex-A35 processor in the CPU
specific framework, as described in the Cortex-A35 TRM (r0p0).

Change-Id: Ief930a0bdf6cd82f6cb1c3b106f591a71c883464

Make generic code work in presence of system caches ...

On the ARMv8 architecture, cache maintenance operations by set/way on the last
level of integrated cache do not affect the system cache. This means that such a
flush or clean operation could result in the data being pushed out to the system
cache rather than main memory. Another CPU could access this data before it
enables its data cache or MMU. Such accesses could be serviced from the main
memory instead of the system cache. If the data in the sysem cache has not yet
been flushed or evicted to main memory then there could be a loss of
coherency. The only mechanism to guarantee that the main memory will be updated
is to use cache maintenance operations to the PoC by MVA(See section D3.4.11
(System level caches) of ARMv8-A Reference Manual (Issue A.g/ARM DDI0487A.G).

This patch removes the reliance of Trusted Firmware on the flush by set/way
operation to ensure visibility of data in the main memory. Cache maintenance
operations by MVA are now used instead. The following are the broad category of
changes:

1. The RW areas of BL2/BL31/BL32 are invalidated by MVA before the C runtime is
   initialised. This ensures that any stale cache lines at any level of cache
   are removed.

2. Updates to global data in runtime firmware (BL31) by the primary CPU are made
   visible to secondary CPUs using a cache clean operation by MVA.

3. Cache maintenance by set/way operations are only used prior to power down.

NOTE: NON-UPSTREAM TRUSTED FIRMWARE CODE SHOULD MAKE EQUIVALENT CHANGES IN
ORDER TO FUNCTION CORRECTLY ON PLATFORMS WITH SUPPORT FOR SYSTEM CACHES.

Fixes ARM-software/tf-issues#205

Change-Id: I64f1b398de0432813a0e0881d70f8337681f6e9a

Re-design bakery lock memory allocation and algorithm ...

This patch unifies the bakery lock api's across coherent and normal
memory implementation of locks by using same data type `bakery_lock_t`
and similar arguments to functions.

A separate section `bakery_lock` has been created and used to allocate
memory for bakery locks using `DEFINE_BAKERY_LOCK`. When locks are
allocated in normal memory, each lock for a core has to spread
across multiple cache lines. By using the total size allocated in a
separate cache line for a single core at compile time, the memory for
other core locks is allocated at link time by multiplying the single
core locks size with (PLATFORM_CORE_COUNT - 1). The normal memory lock
algorithm now uses lock address instead of the `id` in the per_cpu_data.
For locks allocated in coherent memory, it moves locks from
tzfw_coherent_memory to bakery_lock section.

The bakery locks are allocated as part of bss or in coherent memory
depending on usage of coherent memory. Both these regions are
initialised to zero as part of run_time_init before locks are used.
Hence, bakery_lock_init() is made an empty function as the lock memory
is already initialised to zero.

The above design lead to the removal of psci bakery locks from
non_cpu_power_pd_node to psci_locks.

NOTE: THE BAKERY LOCK API WHEN USE_COHERENT_MEM IS NOT SET HAS CHANGED.
THIS IS A BREAKING CHANGE FOR ALL PLATFORM PORTS THAT ALLOCATE BAKERY
LOCKS IN NORMAL MEMORY.

Change-Id: Ic3751c0066b8032dcbf9d88f1d4dc73d15f61d8b

Merge pull request #361 from achingupta/for_sm/psci_proto_v5 ...

For sm/psci proto v5

PSCI: Migrate TF to the new platform API and CM helpers ...

This patch migrates the rest of Trusted Firmware excluding Secure Payload and
the dispatchers to the new platform and context management API. The per-cpu
data framework APIs which took MPIDRs as their arguments are deleted and only
the ones which take core index as parameter are retained.

Change-Id: I839d05ad995df34d2163a1cfed6baa768a5a595d

cortex_a53: Add A53 errata #826319, #836870 ...

- Apply a53 errata #826319 to revision <= r0p2
- Apply a53 errata #836870 to revision <= r0p3
- Update docs/cpu-specific-build-macros.md for newly added errata build flags

Change-Id: I44918e36b47dca1fa29695b68700ff9bf888865e
Signed-off-by: Jimmy Huang <jimmy.huang@mediatek.com>

Add "Project Denver" CPU support ...

Denver is NVIDIA's own custom-designed, 64-bit, dual-core CPU which is
fully ARMv8 architecture compatible.  Each of the two Denver cores
implements a 7-way superscalar microarchitecture (up to 7 concurrent
micro-ops can be executed per clock), and includes a 128KB 4-way L1
instruction cache, a 64KB 4-way L1 data cache, and a 2MB 16-way L2
cache, which services both cores.

Denver implements an innovative process called Dynamic Code Optimization,
which optimizes frequently used software routines at runtime into dense,
highly tuned microcode-equivalent routines. These are stored in a
dedicated, 128MB main-memory-based optimization cache. After being read
into the instruction cache, the optimized micro-ops are executed,
re-fetched and executed from the instruction cache as long as needed and
capacity allows.

Effectively, this reduces the need to re-optimize the software routines.
Instead of using hardware to extract the instruction-level parallelism
(ILP) inherent in the code, Denver extracts the ILP once via software
techniques, and then executes those routines repeatedly, thus amortizing
the cost of ILP extraction over the many execution instances.

Denver also features new low latency power-state transitions, in addition
to extensive power-gating and dynamic voltage and clock scaling based on
workloads.

Signed-off-by: Varun Wadekar <vwadekar@nvidia.com>

Fix bug in semihosting write function ...

The return value from the SYS_WRITE semihosting operation is 0 if
the call is successful or the number of bytes not written, if there
is an error. The implementation of the write function in the
semihosting driver treats the return value as the number of bytes
written, which is wrong. This patch fixes it.

Change-Id: Id39dac3d17b5eac557408b8995abe90924c85b85